Nový Zéland (NEW ZEALAND)
– zpracovaná otázka Nový Zéland – reálie
- NZ is an island country lying in the Pacific Ocean about 2,000 km from Australia
- NZ is bigger in size than Great Britain, but the density (hustota) of population is very low, and about 90% of the total population consists of people of British ancestry (Britského původu)
- There are two official languages: English and Maori
HISTORY
- The first people to settle in NZ were Polynesian tribes
- In the 18th century NZ was rediscovered by captain James Cook
- In 1907 NZ was granted the status of a dominion (= samosprávná kolonie)
GEOGRAPHY
- NZ is an archipelago (= skupina ostrovou -> kdyžtak řekněte: a group of islands) consisting of (který se skládá se z) two large islands called North and South Islands separated by Crook Strait and a small island called Steward Island
- All the large towns lie on the Eastern coast
- The country is predominantly mountainous
- North Island: is famous for its hot springs (prameny), geysers and watering places
- South Island: has fertile plains (úrodné nížiny) and high mountains called the Southern Alps; there are glaciers (ledovce), the highest mountain is Mt. Cook (3,764 metres high); the Southern Alps provide an excellent opportunity for skiing and mountaineering
RIVERS AND LAKES
- Many of the rivers in NZ are very short
- The longest river are Wanganui and the Waikato in the North Island
- NZ also has many lakes
CLIMATE
- NZ has a very pleasant, temperate climate with plenty of sunshine and good rainfall (množství srážek) with warm summers and mild winters
- An almost ideal balance of rain and sunshine makes grass and trees grow faster than in most countries, thanks to this NZ has a leading world position in grassland farming
FAUNA
NZ is home of many interesting animals such as Tasmanian devil or Kiwi
Podívejte se na video o krásách NZ (abyste měli motivaci se učit)
AGRICULTURE
- NZ is a rich agricultural country, it is a primarily (hlavně) a grazing (pro pastvu) coutry and specialise in livestock breeding (chov dobytka) mainly cattle and sheep
- Typical products are: dairy products (mléčné produkty), meat, wool, butter, cheese
- Grass is called the green gold of the NZ
NATURAL RESOURCES
- Oil, natural gas, gold
INDUSTRY
- Industry is closely connected (úzce propojený) with agriculture
- The principal branch is food industry (see agriculture)
THE SYSTEM OF GOVERNMENT
- Head of NZ is Queen Elizabeth II represented by the Governor General
- The NZ Parliament has only one chamber (komoru) – the House of Representatives, which consists of 92 members
- There are two big political parties: the National Party and the Labour Party
CAPITAL
- Wellington is the world’s most southern capital and it is also has the oldest ZOO in NZ
- It also famous because it has more restaurants, bars and cafes per head (na hlavu) than New York
